Secure community participation in road design, construction, operation and maintenance, and management

This paper presents the matrix that has been developed and tested to secure community participation in road design, construction, operation and maintenance, and management. The matrix recognizes five phases and five elements where community participation should be secured in road works. For this reason, it is recognized as the 5 x 5 matrix. For optimum benefits, it is emphasized that the matrix should be applied by a social specialist.