Material for this section was prepared for gTKP by Phil Marshall of Research Communications Group (www.rcgglobal.net). Contact Phil on pmarshall@rcgglobal.net
Background
Improved transport infrastructure increases mobility generally by facilitating travel and also by increasing trade. It can also expose previously closed communities to new ideas, ways of life and often, increased expectations. As Skeldon notes, migration is primarily a consequence of development rather than of poverty.
After years of remaining relatively constant, the proportion of international migrants has increased in recent times. Increasing economic disparity, changing demographics and the effects of globalisation have made national borders seem increasingly irrelevant to the flow of capital, information and technology. This has led to an extension of traditional national rural-to-urban migration across international boundaries, according to the International Organisation for Migration. The UN estimates that there are close to 200 million international migrants, or three percent of the world's population.
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